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Life insurance policies pay out a tax-free lump sum to the named beneficiaries when the policyholder passes away.
Depending on the family’s financial situation and the obligations that are left to them when the policyholder passes away, this money can be used to cover:
If the policy was either term or whole life, there are virtually no limits to what the death benefit can be used for. It’s a significant safety net for families—especially those who’ve lost the primary income earner.
There are a few ways to determine how much life insurance coverage you need in Canada. Typically, the right coverage takes into account:
Here are six different methods you can use to calculate your life insurance needs.
The Government of Canada recommends buying life insurance coverage that's 7-10 times your annual income.
This method of calculation is popular for its simplicity. It’s better to use a quick calculation than none at all to estimate how much life insurance you need.
But this technique isn’t perfect! It ignores the nuances of your family’s unique situation like:
Unfortunately none of these factors are considered when simply multiplying your yearly salary by an “arbitrary” number. But it can be a good starting point to give you a ballpark number.
PolicyMe's life insurance calculator takes the guesswork out of the equation, and accounts for the nuance mentioned above.
We're pretty proud of this calculator because it takes inflation into account. It also asks for your partner's income and any existing savings, so we don't calculate more life insurance than you need.
And no, you don't need to buy anything to use it. You can use the calculator’s recommendations for any term life insurance product on the market.
You can then customize your recommendation if you want more or less coverage based on price or other considerations. Your final price is determined after you apply but even then, there's no obligation until you formally e-sign your policy.
You can also run through these calculations yourself. Take a close look at your family's finances if you want to start calculating how much life insurance coverage you need.
Adding up your current obligations and assets can give you a more detailed picture of how much your family would need if you or your partner weren't there to financially support them.
When you're adding up your financial obligations, make sure to consider the following:
For your liquid asset list, include:
Calculate these and subtract the total from your current (and future!) financial obligations. Everyone will choose to prioritize different things, so feel free to take or leave some of the suggestions above.
The remaining number will tell you how much life insurance coverage you need.
The DIME (Debt, Income, Mortgage, Education) method for life insurance is a good starting point for your life insurance calculation. DIME estimates how much life insurance you’ll need by considering these four factors:
The catchy acronym makes it easy to remember. But it leaves out majorly important variables like:
This means the DIME method for life insurance will likely overestimate the amount of life insurance coverage you need, costing you more than you need to pay for your premiums.
Many of us hop online when looking up a topic we’re not sure about. It’s probably why you’re here, right? Reddit is a great place to get some crowdsourced wisdom on just about any topic, even life insurance.
On the r/PersonalFinanceCanada subreddit, commenters generally agree term life insurance is ideal for alleviating the financial impact your passing might have on your family.
Commenters recommend taking your income, your children’s ages, and whether you want to help pay for their education, existing debts and assets. Which is similar and consistent with the calculation methods suggested above.
They also stress that there’s no one-size-fits-all coverage. You will need to take a close look at your finances to determine the most suitable amount of coverage.
While light on the specifics, the advice on this forum points you in the right direction. We’d suggest following through by conducting an in-depth life insurance calculation comparing your assets, debts and obligations; present and future.
Dave Ramsey, a well-known personal finance guru, also has a thing or two to say about life insurance.
He recommends getting an affordable term life insurance policy for 10-12 times your annual income, before taxes, similar to the Government of Canada’s method of calculation.
Ramsey’s rationale? If you pass away, your beneficiaries can invest the payout.
Assuming the investment yields returns of about 10%, your loved ones can withdraw an amount equal to your yearly salary without running out of money.
When choosing a life insurance coverage amount, you need to consider your family’s current and future expenses, alongside your income and assets.
Each of these factors, along with your current and future financial obligations, will help you determine the best life insurance for your situation.
Apart from the payout amount, the other decision that you will have to make when buying life insurance is whether to go with a term of whole life policy.
To break down some of the cost differences between term versus whole life insurance, we’ve put together this handy chart for your reference:
Term life insurance offers coverage that lasts for a set number of years: 20, 25, or 30, for example. For many families, this type of life insurance is an affordable option to protect their loved ones for a specific period.
To figure out how much term coverage you need, add up your assets and compare them against your total debts and obligations. The difference between the two numbers is a reasonable estimate of how much coverage you should buy.
Get your quote in seconds below. You can apply online in minutes and do it all on your terms without pressure or upselling.
Whole life insurance covers your entire life. Because of the extended duration of coverage, whole life insurance is more costly. In fact, premiums can be anywhere 7.5 times more expensive than a similar term life policy.
But despite the cost, it may make sense for some individuals.
The amount of whole life insurance you should purchase depends on how much you want to leave to your beneficiaries as an inheritance. No medical exam life insurance is also ideal for those who have a history with medical issues.
Joint life insurance can make sense for many married or common-law couples. If you share your finances, assets and obligations, there’s no need to make the same calculation twice.
But there's also another option for life insurance for couples. Instead of a joint life insurance policy, many life insurance providers offer a discount for couples' individual applications.
PolicyMe offers a discount for the first year of premiums for both applicants for two individual term policies.
Many parents consider life insurance for their child as an extra layer of protection.
In the unfortunate case of a child’s passing, grieving parents may face unexpected funeral expenses. They may also need an extended work leave to support their spouse and remaining children.
Providing protection for our customers and their loved ones is why we started PolicyMe.
One way that we put families first is through free coverage for kids at no extra cost. This means that if you get a life insurance policy from PolicyMe, you are automatically covered for $10,000 per child.
If you no longer have individuals who are financially dependent on you or significant debts in retirement, you might not need substantial life insurance coverage.
However, you may need more coverage if you:
To determine if you still need life insurance in your senior years, compare the value of your assets to those of your debts. This is the starting point to help determine the amount of life insurance you need.
But remember—that purchasing life insurance at retirement age will likely cost much more than in your 30s to 40s.
Regardless of your age, determining the gap between your assets and your obligations is a good place to start when calculating the amount of life insurance coverage you’ll need.
At 55, you may be in a period of transition, between work and retirement, with children in post-secondary school or living on their own. All these factors play into how much life insurance you may need.
At 60, your debts and obligations may be much smaller than they were earlier on in your life. Your mortgage might be paid off, your kids grown, and you may be nearing retirement (or already retired)!
You may consider life insurance to help your loved ones cover any remaining debts in the event of your passing. You can calculate the amount of coverage you’ll need by looking at the difference between the assets you hold and your existing debts.
At that age, being prone to illnesses is natural. For this reason, it may be worthwhile to purchase a life insurance and critical illness policy.
Let’s look at a real-life scenario that outlines how one Canadian family calculated how much life insurance they needed.
Financial obligations: Mortgage, childcare costs, and monthly education savings payments
If you need to change your life insurance coverage amount later, we recommend speaking with your insurance company to fully understand your options.
It may be possible to reduce your life insurance coverage, add additional coverage, or add a rider to your policy.
Usually, it’s better to work with your existing provider to find a more suitable coverage amount, rather than canceling your policy and getting a new one.
No, 40 is not too old to get life insurance. In fact, it’s really never too soon or too late to get coverage. Age is only one variable. The most important thing to consider is the people in your life that depend on you for their financial well-being.
Your priority should be to ensure that they are protected if anything were to happen to you for the duration of the time that they are your dependents. That holds true whether you’re 20, 40, or 60.
Our sources:
How much to save for education. Knowledge First Financial. https://knowledgefirstfinancial.ca/how-much-to-save-for-education/
